Publikace (přehled)

The described accelerated method of experimental deactivation can be used for the estimation of the HDS catalysts deactivation rate. The long-term HDS activity, which catalysts exhibits after approximately 11 months in an industrial reactor, can be predicted by the experimental accelerated method with the length four hours.
The experimental accelerated deactivation method can be easily optimized for the simulation even longer operating period. With a optimizing of the deactivation step length can be achieved the similar deactivation level like in an industrial reactor.

The results of physico-chemical characterization of the aged catalysts confirmed that the deactivation in the industrial reactor occurred especially due to the fouling of catalyst surface by carbon or dust. Simultaneously with this, the average pore size and the total pore volume were decreased. Evaluation of both deactivation procedures were realized by TGA-IR, Raman spectra and SEM-EDS. The results indicated that both deactivation occurs from the same cause (deactivation by carbon deposits) and the same way (sp2 and sp3 bonds of disordered carbons). Important fact is that all mentioned facts and dependencies were valid for both types of deactivation – industrial and experimental.